Abstract
Abstract In this paper, the prospect of low-GWP refrigerants used in solar-driven ejector-compression hybrid refrigeration system was analyzed and evaluated based on the solar radiation data in summer of Beijing and Guangzhou. Prominent environmental friendly alternative refrigerants, including HCFO-1233zd(E), HFO-1336mzz(Z), HFO-1234ze(Z), HCFO-1224yd(Z) and HC-600 were chosen as the working fluids to address the environmental concerns, while HFC-245fa was used as the baseline refrigerant. The hybrid refrigeration system composed of an ejector refrigeration system as the upper stage and a vapor compression system as the bottom stage, respectively. The results indicated that the system with HFO-1234ze(Z) showed the highest COP. HFO-1234ze(Z) was followed by HCFO-1233zd(E) and HC-600, and all of them showed higher COP than that of HFC-245fa. The system with HC-600 needed more electric energy than any other systems, while HFO-1336mzz(Z) consumed the lowest electric power. Meanwhile, the performances of HFO-1234ze(Z) and HFC-245fa systems were further compared. It was found that for both working fluids, the heat load of the condenser (Qe,c), total electric energy consumption (We) and electric energy of compressor (Wcom) in August were the highest in Beijing, while in Guangzhou, the highest of them was achieved in September. It was also suggested that the solar radiation had no influence on the relative magnitude of the Qe,c, We and Wcom between HFO-1234ze(Z) and HFC-245fa systems. The Qe,c, We and Wcom of the system with HFO-1234ze(Z) were higher than those of HFC-245fa by 0.8%, 4.44%, and 3.55%, respectively.
Highlights
With the great improvement of modern society, the demanding for energy increases rapidly [1,2,3]
4.1 The performance of the system with different working fluids Based on the methodology abovementioned, the performances of the Solar-driven ejector-compression hybrid refrigeration (SEHR) system with different working fluids are evaluated
The coefficient of performance (COP), the heat load of the condenser (Qe,c), and the electric energy consumption (We) were selected as criteria to show the effects of the working fluids
Summary
With the great improvement of modern society, the demanding for energy increases rapidly [1,2,3]. According to BP Energy Outlook 2019, a 32% increase of the primary energy consumption will be expected by 2040 [4]. In this context, the exploration of renewable energy sources has been intensified while the use of fossil fuels is restricted due to the concerns about global warming, climate change, and CO2 emission. Many systems and devices were developed to make the best use of solar energy in a certain area. Due to some apparent advantages such as quick construction, simple structure, installation and nearly-zero maintenance [8, 9], the ejector system has attracted wide attention of the scholars and has proved to be a reliable method to utilize the solar energy. There is no need to use neither mechanical equipment nor devices with moving parts [10, 11]
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