Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Proprioceptive activities are commonly described for control of the postural balance of the elderly in order to avoid falls. But, there is no consensus on which ones can significantly improve balance or on intervention and assessment protocols. Objective: To investigate which proprioceptive activities are specific to static and dynamic postural balance of the elderly through a systematic review. Method: This is a systematic review based on PRISMA recommendation, by surveying PubMed, Medline, LILACS, Scielo and EBSCO databases. The period considered for the search was from 2006 to 2016, using the following descriptors - aged, proprioception, exercise therapy, and postural balance for articles in English, Portuguese or Spanish. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials were included using the PEDro scale to analyze the methodological quality of the studies. Results: Eight articles were included with different protocols, without standardization of evaluation and intervention, but, which demonstrated improvement of functional abilities. Different kinds of walk, muscular strengthening exercises, stretching, postural oscillations and Yoga patterns for the improvement of functional abilities. Conclusion: The association of static and dynamic activities can contribute to the improvement of functional abilities, but it cannot be affirmed that they are specific for postural control, given the lack of standardization of exercise protocols and evaluation tools.
Highlights
Proprioceptive activities are commonly described for control of the postural balance of the elderly in order to avoid falls
To investigate which proprioceptive activities are specific to static and dynamic postural balance of the elderly through a systematic review. This is a systematic review based on PRISMA recommendation, by surveying PubMed, Medline, LILACS, Scielo and EBSCO databases
The period considered for the search was from 2006 to 2016, using the following descriptors – aged, proprioception, exercise therapy, and postural balance for articles in English, Portuguese or Spanish
Summary
Proprioceptive activities are commonly described for control of the postural balance of the elderly in order to avoid falls. Objective: To investigate which proprioceptive activities are specific to static and dynamic postural balance of the elderly through a systematic review. Results: Eight articles were included with different protocols, without standardization of evaluation and intervention, but, which demonstrated improvement of functional. Postural balance is kept by the interaction of sensorial and neuromotor systems, enabling adaptation to a static or dynamic situation, regarding one’s ability to keep the body positioning according to the stability limits [2]. The review of sensorial systems in the elderly body balance by Ricci et al [3] evidenced a reduction in the sharpness of the vestibular, visual and proprioceptive systems when compared to young adult people. As a response to this instability, the displacement of the weight discharge to the front part of the foot sole might occur when the elderly remains in the orthostatic position [8]
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