Propriedades físico-químicas e nutricionais de dietas enterais artesanais produzidas a partir de vegetais de baixa carga glicêmica

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to elaborate handmade enteral diets for use by patients in stabilized enteral home therapy and with an expectation of extend or permanent use of the enteral route from a formulation containing vegetal sources of low glycemic load and significant levels of dietary fiber. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and nutritional properties of handmade enteral diets produced from vegetables with low glycemic load, offering low-cost alternatives for nutrition and control of glycemic metabolism for people using enteral diets. Eighteen food combinations were established in 3 groups, using different vegetables associated with maltodextrin, albumin, soybean oil and cornstarch until the formula obtained the ratio of 1 kcal / mL. The fluidity and stability of the diets were verified, as well as the macro-micronutrient and bromatological markers. All diets formulated were characterized as normocaloric, normoprotein and normolipidic. The average dietary fiber content of the three groups of diets was 1.83 g / 100 mL, being 0.87 g (47%) of soluble fiber, reaching values close to daily recommendations. In the case of micronutrients, caloric values prescribed for one day reached 71% of recommended iron requirements, 116% of copper, 48% of zinc, 32% of calcium, 110% of phosphorus, 46% of potassium, 50% of magnesium, 90% of manganese, 25% of selenium and 39% of sodium. From the data analyzed in this study, it is possible to conclude that the formulated diets have a macronutrient profile that meets the needs of an normal adult. Regarding minerals, this availability is partial and adjustments are required. The characteristics of color, fluidity and stability make these diets an important option for home use, which may contribute to lower costs and increase the acceptance of this type of food therapy.