Abstract
Objective To analyse the short-term adverse effects (AEs) of propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) and their relevant factors, as well as the relationship between child growth and propranolol. Methods A total of 506 patients with confirmed or suspected IHs were enrolled, and a total of 439 cases were included in the study. Short-term AEs were analysed using single-factor analysis and binary logistic regression. Out of 439 patients, 292 were enrolled to examine the effect of propranolol on 2-year-olds' height and body weight (BW), by comparison with reference range and among groups. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between BW, height, and duration of propranolol treatment. Results Among 439 patients, 70 (16.0%) experienced AEs. Among them, 48 had gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, 23 had central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, 8 had both symptoms above, and 7 had other symptoms. Most of the AEs occurred on the starting day (day 0), and 6 children's AEs were transient. Starting age of no older than 3 months led to more CNS symptoms, and starting age of older than 3 months was a protective factor against CNS symptoms, with an OR value of 0.303 (0.117–0.783). Height and BW of 292 two-year-old children were no less than the reference levels, although those of 3 females and 1 male were less than the average −2 standard deviation (−2SD). The height and BW of the children at the age of two was not related to the length of time of propranolol treatment. Conclusion Oral propranolol has a good tolerance in the treatment of IHs. Oral propranolol exerts more adverse effects on the CNS of lower age children, and it has exhibited no effect on the growth of two-year-old children.
Highlights
Propranolol, a nonselective β-adrenoceptor antagonist, has a wide range of clinical use
Among the 439 patients, the starting age was 3.20 (1.97, 5.37) months; 301 (68.6%) patients were females; 32 (7.3%) patients were premature; 234 (53.3%) patients had infantile hemangiomas (IHs) on the head and neck; and 70 (16.0%) patients experienced adverse e ects (AEs)
Among the patients who experienced AEs, 48 had gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, 23 had symptoms in the central nervous system (CNS), 8 had both GI and CNS symptoms, 7 showed other symptoms, and 4 withdrew treatment owing to AEs
Summary
To analyse the short-term adverse e ects (AEs) of propranolol in the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IHs) and their relevant factors, as well as the relationship between child growth and propranolol. Short-term AEs were analysed using single-factor analysis and binary logistic regression. Out of 439 patients, 292 were enrolled to examine the e ect of propranolol on 2-year-olds’ height and body weight (BW), by comparison with reference range and among groups. E height and BW of the children at the age of two was not related to the length of time of propranolol treatment. Oral propranolol has a good tolerance in the treatment of IHs. Oral propranolol exerts more adverse e ects on the CNS of lower age children, and it has exhibited no e ect on the growth of two-year-old children
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