Proposta de um modelo regional para a redução do efeito sistemático da ionosfera através do método seqüencial de ajustamento

Abstract

VERONEZ, M. R. Proposal of a regional model for reduction of the systematic effects of the ionosphere through the sequential adjustment method. 2004. 205f. Thesis (Doctoral) – School of Engineering of Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos-SP, Brazil, 2004. Point positioning, with GPS, became an important tool applicable to the most different areas of the knowledge. However, in some situations, the requirement of high precisions brought the inconvenience of a high cost in the acquisition of dual receivers frequency. Despite of the technological advances, the ionosphere is one of the error sources that affect most point positioning. For users who have dual equipment frequency, this error is modeled with great efficiency through data processing with the ionosphere free solution. In Brazil the majority of the users has equipments that process C/A code information only and/or C/A code and L1 carrier. In this case it is necessary to use some models, for example the Klobuchar model, with error reduction of approximately 50% in absolute point positioning. In the relative positioning, with baselines longer than 20Km, the use of this model is not indicated. Thus, this work consists in developing a method that makes possible to model the ionospheric delay using a second degree polynomial, based on sequential adjustment of observations. The necessary information for this modeling is obtained from GPS stations that compose the RBMC (Brazilian Network for Continuous Monitoring of GPS). Thus it is possible to determine the ionospheric delay in a more efficient way in absolute positioning than when using the Klobuchar model. In relative positioning, for single frequency users, such modeling allows the generation of a code, with similar characteristics to the P2 code. Hence, with data generated by single frequencies, it is possible to process long base line vectors, using the iono free code solution. The results obtained indicate that such methodology can be an efficient alternative to minimize the ionospheric effect in the GPS point positioning. Horizontally, through the methods of positioning Single Point and relative, respectively, the ionospheric model considered provided an improvement of 39% and 26% if compared with the Klobuchar model.