Abstract
This chapter provides an introduction to propositional and predicate logic. Propositonal logicPropositonal logic may be used to encode simple arguments that are expressed in natural language and to determine their validity. The nature of mathematical proof is discussed, and we present proof by truth tables, semantic tableaux, and natural deduction. Predicate logicPredicate logic allows complex facts about the world to be represented, and new facts may be determined via deductive reasoning. Predicate calculus includes predicates, variables, and quantifiers, and a predicate is a characteristic or property that the subject of a statement can have.
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