Abstract
AbstractThe Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) community is yet to come to a consensus on a methodology to incorporate land use in LCA, still struggling with what exactly should be assessed and which indicators should be used. To solve this problem we start from concepts and models describing how ecosystems function and sustain, in order to understand how land use affects them. Earlier our research group presented a methodology based on the ecosystem exergy concept. This concept as based on the hypothesis that ecosystems develop towards more effective degradation of exergy fluxes passing through the system and is derived from two axioms: the principles of (i) maximum exergy storage and the (ii) maximum exergy dissipation. This concept aiming at the area of protection natural environment is different from conventional exergy analysis in LCA focusing on natural resources. To prevent confusion, the ecosystem exergy concept is further referred to as the MAximum Storage and Dissipation concept (MASD concept). In this paper we present how this concept identifies end-point impacts, mid-point impacts and mid-point indicators. The identified end-point impacts to assess are Ecosystem Structural Quality (ESQ) and Ecosystem Functional Quality (EFQ). In order to quantify these end-point impacts a dynamic multi-indicator set is proposed for quantifying the mid-point impacts on soil fertility, biodiversity and biomass production (quantifying the ESQ) and soil structure, vegetation structure and on-site water balance (quantifying the EFQ). Further we present an impact calculation method suitable for different environmental assessment tools and demonstrate the incorporation of the methodology in LCA.Suggested citation:Achten WMJ, Mathijs E, Muys B 2009. Proposing a life cycle land use impact calculation methodology. in: Nemecek T & Gaillard G (eds.) Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on LCA in the Agri-Food Sector - Towards a sustainable management of the Food chain. November 12-14, 2008, Zurich, Switzerland. Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station ISBN 978-3-905733-10-5, 22-33.
Highlights
Human activities have spatial needs for extraction of resources, forestry and agriculture, infrastructure and dwellings, industrial production processes and landfill
The principal of maximum dissipation means that for any site an ecosystem would tend towards maximum dissipation of the exergy influxes in form of radiation, water, nutrients, air and genetics .The content of this ecosystem exergy concept is promising for further advances in land use impact
This paper mainly aims to provide another approach to solve some general problems in land use impact assessment
Summary
Human activities have spatial needs for extraction of resources, forestry and agriculture, infrastructure and dwellings, industrial production processes and landfill. Several methods have been developed for the assessment of environmental impacts generated by land use and land use change (e.g. monitoring procedures, standards with principles, criteria and indicators (PC&I), environmental impact assessment (EIA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) (Baelemans & Muys 1998)). These methods and tools still face specific and shared problems regarding the land use impact assessment. Ecosystems are open systems subject to continuous energy influxes They tend to increase their internal exergy level, in order to evolve as far as possible from thermodynamic equilibrium.
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