Abstract
For the first time, the growth mechanism of biominerals formed on plate-like nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) electrodeposited on superhydrophilic vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (VAMWCNT-O2) is presented and a model for the specific growth preference is discussed. VAMWCNT-O2 films were obtained by microwave-assisted chemical vapor deposition method and funcionalized by oxygen plasma. nHAp/VAMWCNT-O2 nanocomposites were fabricated with a direct electrodeposition of the thin nHAp films onto the VAMWCNT-O2 films. The biomineralized "scaffolds" were obtained by soaking nHAp/VAMWCNT-O2 in simulated body fluid for 7, 14 and 21 days. Results show that the carboxyl functional groups directly attached onto VAMWCNT tips after oxygen plasma treatment were essential for the acceleration of the OH- formation and the deposition of plate-like nHAp crystals.
Highlights
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are stable structures that can be associated to other molecules to be used in many applications
The present study showed, for the first time, the results of biomimetized mineralization on nHAp deposited over functionalized vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (VAMWCNT)-O using SBF (5×) a pH 6.10 for 7, 14 and 21 days, seeking for different crystals morphologies and designs
SEM (Figure 1a) and TEM (Figure 1b) show examination structure of the VAMWCNT-O2 revealed no morphologic change in both samples
Summary
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are stable structures that can be associated to other molecules to be used in many applications. Due to its physical‐chemical properties, these nanostructures can biomimic the nanocharacteristics of living tissues. This mimetic process can favor cell adhesion and proliferation over its surface, and making MWCNT a promising alternative to bone regeneration[1,2,3,4]. Its properties and biocompatibility are improved when MWCNT becomes vertically aligned (VAMWCNT) and superhydrophilicity (VAMWCNT-O )[5]. VAMWCNTs-O2 are of particular interest for regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility. Coating VAMWCNTs-O2 with nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) through electrodeposition process permits extensive cell adhesion, spreading, and growth. NHAp/VAMWCNT-O2 has been shown to support the growth of osteoblast cells by stimulating ECM production in bone tissue formation and growth of nHAp crystals[7] Coating VAMWCNTs-O2 with nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) through electrodeposition process permits extensive cell adhesion, spreading, and growth. nHAp can establish chemical bonds between the material and the bone tissue due to its similarity to bone mineralized matrix6. nHAp/VAMWCNT-O2 has been shown to support the growth of osteoblast cells by stimulating ECM production in bone tissue formation and growth of nHAp crystals[7]
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