Abstract
It is necessary to achieve the best specifications in carpets that provide safety to human health in establishments and buildings. This can be achieved by reducing the emissions of toxic gases from combustion via controlling the carpets composition. This research presents a study on carpets behavior when burning samples with different mixing specifications to determine the combustion products by conducting a test using cone Calorimeter to determine the effect of different structures of the carpet on combustion products. The study includes the effect of both the quality of the material used and their different densities and thicknesses. The research provides an analysis of carpet combustion products from different emissions, such as the amount of carbon monoxide CO, the amount of carbon dioxide CO2, smoke density, heat of combustion, and the heat released rate. It is clear that the rate of heat released is uneven in samples with different percentages of mixing. The samples with higher mixing percentage of synthetic fibers give lower temperature while the samples with higher wool percentage give higher temperature. The temperature of combustion increases gradually with the increase of the percentage of wool while the density of the smoke decreases which achieves the required safety of carpets. In addition to this, the research proves the increase of both CO and CO2 as the percentage of synthetic fibers in products which confirms the necessity to avoid the adverse effects of these emissions on human health.
Highlights
The carpet industry is relatively a smaller source of pollution compared to the chemical industry and many other industries, it causes many toxic and choking emissions, especially when exposed to combustion
This research presents a study on carpets behavior when burning samples with different mixing specifications to determine the combustion products by conducting a test using cone Calorimeter to determine the effect of different structures of the carpet on combustion products
We propose the test of cone Calorimeter included in the international standard to measure the amount of emissions from the combustion of carpets and to determine the type and percentage of toxic gases emitted from combustion, as well as the rate of heat released and the smoke density resulted from combustion
Summary
The carpet industry is relatively a smaller source of pollution compared to the chemical industry and many other industries, it causes many toxic and choking emissions, especially when exposed to combustion. Several tests were conducted to measure carpet combustion products from toxic gases and heat released [4] [5] Among these tests, there is the tunnel test where this test includes testing building interior wall and ceiling finishes with carpets for their ability to support and propagate fire, and for their tendency to emit smoke [6]. We propose the test of cone Calorimeter included in the international standard to measure the amount of emissions from the combustion of carpets and to determine the type and percentage of toxic gases emitted from combustion, as well as the rate of heat released and the smoke density resulted from combustion
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