Abstract
The general aim was to propose a theoretical model for the implementation and scalability of science parks. For this purpose, an in-depth study was conducted at the Santos Science Park (SSP), as this is the only implementation and scalability program for science parks in the country whose central focus is on energy (oil and natural gas). The study was qualitative and exploratory in nature and the methodology used was the case study, with data collected from multiple sources. These sources included bibliographic research, document analysis, a workshop and meetings with members of the Board of Directors of the SSP. Information on other consolidated science parks in the country (Tecnopuc in Porto Alegre and Porto Digital in Recife), which was important to the structuring of the theoretical model for the implementation and scalability of the SSP, was obtained from semi-structured interviews with their managers. The results showed that the implementation of the SSP will require not only a legal format and an adequate real estate project, but will also involve the articulation of political, economic and social activities that precede the implementation of the venture. These activities will define the criteria for the concession and use of the park's infrastructure and services. They also include the mechanisms for economic and financial support and social rules that will affect the interface of the park with its resident and non-resident companies and society. The conclusions of the study led to the proposal of a theoretical model for the implementation and scalability of a science park through the development of dynamic, ambidextrous and relational capabilities that together result in a scalable innovation cycle.
Highlights
Science parks emerged in the United States in the 1950s and became more commonplace in the 1970s, when they rapidly spread around the world and adapted to the different conditions of each region and country
The presence of academic research centers, an innovative management style, highly qualified professionals and an excellent communications infrastructure and high quality environment are the common characteristics of science parks (Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo, 2007; Instituto Prointer, 2002)
Various documents provided by the Municipal Government of Santos were analyzed: the portfolio of structuring projects for Santos; institution of the Santos Science Park Foundation (SSPF); bylaws of the Santos Technical Knowledge Foundation; and Supplementary Law 470 and amendments creating the Revitalization and Development Program of the Central Historical Region of Santos, Alegra Center
Summary
Science parks emerged in the United States in the 1950s and became more commonplace in the 1970s, when they rapidly spread around the world and adapted to the different conditions of each region and country. According to Wessner (2009), some resources can affect organizational efficiency and the creation of value in science parks These resources include: (a) tangible resources, involving financial articulation through public funding and active private participation, aligned with public policy for innovation in companies, the formalization of institutions to manage the managerial and technological maturity of the park, investments in education, and training and the definition and application of metrics to monitor the effectiveness of the park; and (b) intangible resources, including the actions of individuals committed to the development of the park, leadership to facilitate the rela-. These include access to and the dissemination and sharing of knowledge in a wider network of relationships (inter-regional and/or multisector networks), seminars, conferences, training and technological demonstrations, transfer of technology, cooperative developments and creating new innovative businesses (Magalhães & Zouain, 2009)
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