Abstract
In order to implement environmental protection, within the Soil Cadastre, previously proposed as a multipurpose inventory that aims to promote sustainable soil uses, the hydrogeological instability caused by human activities is the focus of this work. These activities can be aimed at sustainable agricultural soil use or the building of roads to allow the access to the fields. The soil’s hydrogeological instability causes the unsustainable use and management of a cadastral parcel. Therefore, the aim of this work is to propose a nomenclature for hydrogeological instability risks, as well as the best practices of conservative soil tillage in case studies, in order to reduce environmental impact. According to the proposed Soil Cadastre, the missing environmental sustainability of a parcel and the reason for this must be communicated to the field owner or manager. In a hilly area of inland Western Sicily, four main risk types of hydrogeological instability were identified: hydrogeological instability (caused only by natural factors); hydraulic-pedological farming instability (crop not suitable for the field for missing or insufficient soil drainage and landslides); hydraulic-infrastructural instability (built up infrastructures unsuitable for the site); hydraulic-infrastructural-pedological-management instability (field improvements changing the downflow line and crop operations not suitable for the soil and climate parameters). The farm owner or manager must be informed about the risk type affecting their fields in order to perform the best practices (i.e., conservative soil tillage), for implementing or restoring a sustainable soil use or management in each cadastral parcel.
Highlights
Sustainable development is implemented when the use of resources, e.g., soil, water [1] and air, as well as economic investments, technological innovations and territorial policies satisfy the current and future needs of people [2]
The sustainable planning of a green area must include a soil study to evaluate its chemical, physical and physical–mechanical parameters [3]. Both farmers and livestock breeders play a key role in environmentally sustainable soil use and crop management, as their actions can affect the health of the ecosystem where they work, the preservation of the essential services of the ecosystem itself, and the archaeological heritage [4,5]
A 2020 report by ISPRA shows that 91% of municipalities are in danger of landslides and/or floods, 16% of Italian territory is considered to be in high danger, 1.28 million (2.2% of total amount) inhabitants are in danger of landslides, and 6.18 million (10.4% of the total amount) inhabitants are in danger of flood [7]
Summary
Sustainable development is implemented when the use of resources, e.g., soil, water [1] and air, as well as economic investments, technological innovations and territorial policies satisfy the current and future needs of people [2]. The sustainable planning of a green area must include a soil study to evaluate its chemical (e.g., organic matter, water and nutrients contents), physical (e.g., structure and texture) and physical–mechanical parameters (e.g., soil compaction) [3]. Both farmers and livestock breeders play a key role in environmentally sustainable soil use and crop management, as their actions can affect the health of the ecosystem where they work, the preservation of the essential services of the ecosystem itself, and the archaeological heritage [4,5]. - The theoretical background on Soil Cadastre for environmental protection; - Hydrogeological instability; - Case studies of hydrogeological instability; - The nomenclature proposed for hydrological instability risks; - The implementation of the proposed nomenclature of hydrological instability risks within Soil Cadastre
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