Proportion of neonatal sepsis and determinant factors among neonates admitted in University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital neonatal Intensive care unit Northwest Ethiopia 2017

Ayenew Engida Yismaw,Bilen Mekonnen Araya,Tirngo Yihunie Abebil,Mulunesh Abuhay Biweta

doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4587-3

Ayenew Engida Yismaw, Bilen Mekonnen Araya + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4587-3

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Abstract

ObjectiveNeonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal hospitalization in developing countries. It is also a major cause of mortality in the world affecting both developed and developing countries. Diagnosis and management of sepsis are a great challenge facing neonatologists in neonatal intensive care units due to nonspecific signs and symptoms. This study, therefore, was aimed to determine proportion and risk factors of neonatal sepsis at university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, North West Ethiopia.ResultThe proportion of neonatal sepsis was 11.7%. Factors significantly associated with neonatal sepsis were: Neonatal related factors were: Premature rupture of membrane (AOR = 2.74; 95% Cl (1.39, 5.38), congenital anomaly (AOR = 3.14; 95% CI (1.09, 10.28), and low Apgar score (AOR = 2.69; 95% Cl (1.37, 5.26). Maternal factors were: foul-smelling vaginal discharge (AOR = 2.75; 95% Cl (1.40, 5.38), and Intrapartum fever (AOR = 3.35; 95% Cl (1.7, 6.62). In this finding proportion of Neonatal sepsis was low as compared to previous studies. Measures targeting the prevention of premature rupture of membranes and low Apgar score need to be taken, like strengthening maternal birth preparedness and complication readiness plans. Also, identification of congenital anomalies earlier in pregnancy and taking measures to avoid birth injury may decrease neonatal sepsis.

Highlights

Neonatal sepsis is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs and symptom of an inflammatory response in the presence of or as a result of suspected or proven infection during the first month of life [1]
Measures targeting the prevention of premature rupture of membranes and low Apgar score need to be taken, like strengthening maternal birth preparedness and complication readiness plans
Institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed at University of Gondar Comprehensive specialized hospital neonatal intensive care unit from September 1 to November 30, 2017, which is located in Amhara national regional state, northwest Ethiopia

Summary

Result

A total of 423 neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit with their index mothers were included in the study, making the response rate 100%. Health related risk factors among mothers were 40% UTI, 26% foul-smelling vaginal discharge, 16% febrile illness, 15% chronic illness and 3% had STI. Foul-smelling vaginal discharge, PPROM, intrapartum fever, congenital anomaly and Apgar score were associated with the outcome variable. Of those five of them were statistically significant in multivariable analysis. In multivariable analysis prolonged premature rupture of membrane (AOR = 2.74; 95% CI (1.39, 5.38), congenital anomaly (AOR = 3.14; 95% CI (1.09, 10.28), foul-smelling vaginal discharge(AOR = 2.75; 95% CI (1.40, 5.38),low Apgar score (AOR = 2.69; 95% CI (1.37, 5.26) and Intrapartum fever 6.62) were significantly associated with neonatal sepsis (Table 3)

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