Abstract
Background and Aim:Prophylaxis and disease prevention is an essential strategy among biorisk management in poultry farms that stimulate and maintain the birds’ immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the prophylactic, and immune-stimulant influence of Nigella sativa Linn. in broilers under biological stress.Materials and Methods:A total of 250 1-day-old (ross) chicks were divided into 5 groups; four of which were supplemented with 1.4%, 2.8%, 4.2%, and 5.6% N. sativa Linn., respectively. The four supplemented groups were challenged with Escherichia coli O157:H7 1.5×108 at a 14th day old. A total of 1050 samples (150 serum, 150 swab, and 750 organ samples) were collected and examined.Results:A highly significant increase (p<0.01) in 5.6% N. sativa Linn. supplemented group in performance traits (body weight, weight gain, and performance index), biochemical parameters (proteinogram, liver enzymes, and creatinine), immunoglobulins concentration, and immune organs’ weight. Meanwile, liver showed improvement of histoarchitecture without fibrosis. Heart showed a mild pericarditis with a mild degree of hydropic degeneration. Bursa, thymus, and spleen showed lymphoid hyperplasia.Conclusion:A concentration of 5.6% N. sativa Linn. in broiler’s feed can improve the immune response and subsequent resistance of broilers against diseases.
Highlights
The world’s direction in the past decades was focusing on the usage of growth promoters for improving the productive performance; antibiotics were used extensively in poultry industry as growth promoters [1]
The results of using antibiotics were magnificent in increasing the performance traits, but they contributed the development of antibiotics-resistant bacteria [2,3]
In Table-2, body weight showed significant increase (p0.01) with the increase in N. sativa Linn. supplementation, especially in broilers fed on 4.2%
Summary
The world’s direction in the past decades was focusing on the usage of growth promoters for improving the productive performance; antibiotics were used extensively in poultry industry as growth promoters [1]. The results of using antibiotics were magnificent in increasing the performance traits, but they contributed the development of antibiotics-resistant bacteria [2,3]. A second brand of growth promoters was developed and used; prebiotics and probiotics that contributed enhancement in the intestinal mucosa with a significant increase in performance and resistance of bird through acting as competitive exclusive for pathogenic organisms [4,5,6]. The aim of this study was to investigate the prophylactic, and immune-stimulant influence of Nigella sativa Linn. in broilers under biological stress
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