Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a new kind of carbon-based material, have great application potential in the field of biosensing due to its excellent good biocompatibility, low toxicity and easy to achieve the surface functional characteristics. In this review, we briefly describe the synthetic methods and the biological effects of CDs. The luminescence characteristics and luminescence mechanisms of CDs are also discussed. The applications of CDs in biosensor are classified into three types: fluorescence (FL) sensors, electroluminescence (ECL) sensors and chemiluminescence (CL) sensors according to the different sensing mechanisms, and are described in detail. At last, the issues and challenges of CDs are presented for their further development.
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