Property matrices of [011]-poled rhombohedral Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–(4.5-7)%PbTiO3 single crystals

S. Zhang,L. C. Lim

doi:10.1063/1.5064418

Abstract

This paper reports the elastic, piezoelectric and dielectric properties of [011]-poled flux grown Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (x = 0.0475, 0.055 and 0.065) single crystals of rhombohedral phase measured using the resonance technique at room temperature. The [011]-poled PZN-PT single crystals exhibit excellent transverse and shear properties with reasonable phase transformation properties (k32 ≥ 0.90, k15 ≈ 0.92, d32 ≈ –(2400-3200) pC/N, d15 ≈ 4800 pC/N, TRO ≈ 90-104 °C for PZN-6.5%PT and k32 ≥ 0.90, k15 ≈ 0.89, d32 ≈ –(1850-2400) pC/N, d15 ≈ 4200 pC/N, TRO ≈ 105-115 °C for PZN-5.5%PT). These unique piezoelectric properties of [011]-poled PZN-PT crystals, together with the property matrices provided in this work, can be used advantageously to design high-performance single crystal transducers of transverse or shear activation/sensing modes to suit various application needs.

Highlights

Relaxor-based Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PZN-xPT) domain-engineered single crystals, where x=0.045-0.09, exhibit much superior piezoelectric properties and electromechanical coupling factors compared to conventional Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 polycrystalline ceramics.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] They have been used as the active materials in a number of high performance transducers for demanding applications
In a recently concluded Piezoelectric Single Crystal Standards Committee meeting held in conjunction with the 2018 International Workshop for Acoustic Transduction Materials and Devices (IWATMD 2018), it was recommended that [011]-poled properties of the various PZN-PT compositions including PZN-5.5%PT be included in the to-be-published, final version.[35]
For the range of PT content described above, PZN-PT single crystals are of rhombohedral structure at room temperature with spontaneous polarization along crystal directions

Summary

Introduction

Relaxor-based Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PZN-xPT) domain-engineered single crystals, where x=0.045-0.09, exhibit much superior piezoelectric properties and electromechanical coupling factors compared to conventional Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 polycrystalline ceramics.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] They have been used as the active materials in a number of high performance transducers for demanding applications. As of to-date, only the complete property matrix of [011]-poled PZN-7%PT single crystals has been reported by Zhang et al.[36] the reported piezoelectric coefficients, as well as those reported by the same authors in an earlier work,[30] i.e., d32 ≈ −(1460-1900) pC/N, are significantly lower than the optimum value of –(2400-3200) pC/N reported by other researchers;[8,25] so are their reported k15 and k31 values.

Results

Conclusion