Abstract
The long-term use of steel bridges leads to changes in the mechanical properties of their structural steels. This issue is demonstrated in a study of cast steels from four railway truss bridges built in 1875. The tests for each bridge involved an analysis of the chemical composition, determination of hardness and toughness, along with yield strength and ultimate strength. The tests made it possible to calculate the current mechanical properties of steels and to estimate their fracture toughness. One of the bridges in the study was built from low-carbon steel and the others from high-carbon steel, which was not thought to be used at that time. An assessment of the current mechanical properties of the steels allowed the bearing capacities of the bridges to be estimated and, following this, technical designs for their upgrading and repair to be drawn up.
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