Abstract
Samples of active coke, fresh and spent after cleaning flue gases from communal waste incinerators, were investigated. The outer layers of both coke particles were separately removed by comminution in a spouted bed. The samples of both active cokes were analysed by means of densities, mercury porosimetry, and adsorption technique. Remaining cores were examined to determine the degree of consumption of coke by the sorption of hazardous emissions (SO2, HCl, and heavy metals) through its bed. Differences in contamination levels within the porous structure of the particles were estimated. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of commercial active coke in the cleaning of flue gases.
Highlights
Flue gases from waste incineration plants contain CO2, CO, steam, and NOx, as well as SO2, HCl, HF, and, despite the extreme conditions in which combustion is conducted, toxic organic compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzo-pdioxins and dibenzofurans
The commercial active coke AKP-5S produced by Gryfskand in Hajnowka (Poland) was used in final stage of cleaning flue gases from municipal waste neutralisation plant in Warsaw
Mercury intrusion was applied to analyse pore radii from 5 to 7500 nm
Summary
Flue gases from waste incineration plants contain CO2, CO, steam, and NOx, as well as SO2, HCl, HF, and, despite the extreme conditions in which combustion is conducted, toxic organic compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzo-pdioxins and dibenzofurans. There are toxic heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, As, and Tl) in the volatile flue gas ash. Acceptable levels of pollutants in flue gases from the combustion of municipal waste are regulated by the relevant provisions [1]. Some pollutants are removed using technology commonly applied in power stations, for example, gas dedusting with bag filters or electrostatic precipitators, desulphurisation, and NOx removal. The methods used are divided into primary (control of the conditions of the combustion process) and secondary (reducing the concentration of dioxins in the exhaust). The most prevalent in the latter group are the flow sorption, catalytic filter, and deposit methods
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