Abstract
Bamboo is a fast-growing species in the grass family, with excellent tensile and compressive strength characteristics, in the plant kingdom. The tapered hollow thin-walled cylindrical configuration of the bamboo species, namely, Gui bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata) and Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) culm, adversely influences its longitudinal shear and transversal tensile strength properties for effective use in engineered joints. The objective of this study is to use the thermo–hydro–mechanical (THM) process to reduce the irregular shape of bamboo ends without damaging the culms. Samples from the two abovementioned bamboo species were used for the experiments. Pullout loads and failure modes of the sleeve bamboo joints assembled by gluing were also evaluated. Eighty-nine out of 96 tested bamboo culms were successfully reduced by the THM treatment to uniform circular cross-sections under the maximum reduction ratio of 0.15. Sleeved-joint samples made from Gui bamboo with wood fittings had the highest pullout loads and strength values. Based on the findings in this work, it appears that THM-treated reduced bamboo ends, being a sustainable resource, could have the potential to be manufactured as steel-sleeve joints to be used for different engineering applications.
Highlights
Bamboo is one of the fast-growing species in the plant kingdom
One of the objectives of this study is to reduce irregular bamboo ends to give them a uniform and round diameter without any damage to the bamboo culms
Steel-sleeved bamboo joints were assembled by gluing the model theory used in the Wood Handbook (Forest Products Laboratory 2010) [26] to predict the lateral reduced bamboo ends and steel sleeves, with/without wood fittings, with epoxy adhesive
Summary
Bamboo is one of the fast-growing species in the plant kingdom. Some bamboos can grow up to 90 cm in one day under the right climate conditions. Bamboo’s diameters, thickness, and internode length are macroscopically graded along the culm [1,2,3]. A typical bamboo has excellent strength properties, having high efficiency in terms of mechanical performance per unit weight, resulting in substantial resistance against wind load in nature [4,5]. Bamboo has been used in architectural applications since ancient times. Bamboo has been utilized mostly in a simple form of structure due to its gradient anatomy, namely, diameter, thickness, and internode length
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