Abstract
The PANI/Pd0 nanocomposite films with Pd nanoparticles embedded in the polyaniline (PANI), were successfully fabricated through the simple layer-by-layer (LBL) adsorption of PANI and PdCl62−, followed by the in situ electrochemical reduction of the incorporated PdCl62− in the multilayer film. The as-prepared composite films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, atomic force microscope and transmission electron microscopy. The size of Pd nanoparticles in the composite film could be fine-tuned in the range of about 2–22nm by varying the concentration of PdCl62−. PANI in the nano-structured PANI/Pd0 composite films still shows the good redox activity in neutral pH solution. The as-obtained PANI/Pd0 nanocomposite film presents an excellent electrocatalytic activity to hydrazine oxidation. And the catalytic performance is not only dependent on film thickness, but also Pd0 size. On the 5-bilayer PANI/Pd0 film with Pd0 particles 2nm in size, two calibration curves were found in the concentration ranges of 3.0×10−7–3.5×10−4M and 5.0×10−4–1.2×10−2M. And the minimal detectable concentration was down to 5.0×10−8M on the electrode with 13 bilayers buildup. The substrate can be used repeatedly for consecutive detection of hydrazine with good stability.
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