Properties of patula pine plywood using phenolic resin-impregnated veneers

Abstract

Having observed the need for structural panels for external use, it is important to study methods of treating wood from new forest species, with less harmful products. In this sense, veneers of Pinus patula wood were subjected to immersion treatment in phenolic resin diluted in water at 5% solids content for one minute, and subsequently used to produce plywood panels using phenol-formaldehyde resin, with a weight of 160 g /m² in single line. The experimental design included four types of panels: fresh veneers glued with 35% resin solids content, treated veneers glued with 12%, 23% and 35% resin solids content. The physical-mechanical properties of the panels were compared with the parameters defined by the Brazilian Association of the Mechanically Processed Wood Industry (ABIMCI) and the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT). The panels produced presented apparent density and bonding quality results below the minimum recommendations established in these technical parameters, in addition to water absorption higher than the values found in research with other pine species. However, veneer panels treated with phenolic resin showed better bonding quality than untreated panels for the same resin solids content. In less severe conditions, such as in the wet bonding test, the use of 23% resin solids content maintained bonding quality compared to 35% untreated wood. Therefore, further studies are suggested on the use of wood veneers treated with phenol and to reduce the resin solids content for to reduce costs and harmful effects on the environment.