Abstract
Hydraulic fluid is an indispensable element of any hydraulic system, in addition to its main function - the transfer of mechanical energy in the hydraulic system - it prevents accelerated wear of equipment parts and, thanks to special additives, from corrosion, contributes to the normal operation of the hydraulic system under various conditions: it provides heat exchange between the components of the hydraulic system with environment, and also acts as a lubricant to protect the rubbing elements of the hydraulic system. High-quality hydraulic oil must necessarily have certain important properties: be resistant to foaming, resist oxidative processes, not enter into chemical interactions with hydraulic system materials, have a low freezing point and a high ignition temperature, or not be flammable at all. Different grades of hydraulic oils differ in the following characteristics: pour point and fire point, corrosive effect on metal, specific gravity of contaminants and water, acid number, oxidation stability, viscosity index and kinematic viscosity. The reliability of hydraulic equipment is largely determined by the compatibility of oils and seal materials. The higher the compatibility, the less likely the equipment to leak and cause oil leaks. Keywords: hydraulic system, hydraulic oil, mechanical energy, materials, hydraulic motor
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