Abstract
This article deals with the subject of layers produced in a hybrid process combining hardfacing and nitriding. These layers are characterized by improved resistance to wear, which arises from the synergy between favorable materials during hardfacing and nitriding treatment. Tests were conducted on hot-work tool steel (H11) samples. Hardfaced layers consisting of three layers were applied to these samples, where layers were made from two materials—Robotool 46 and Hardface VMolc powder wires. Next, samples of both materials were nitrided using ZeroFlow gas nitriding technology, with control of potential aimed at obtaining a diffusion layer without a white zone of nitrides on the surface. The next step was to investigate the properties of hardfaced layers and of layers hardfaced after nitriding treatment. Conducted tests covered observations of the microstructure, microhardness measurements as a function of distance from the surface, measurement of stresses in the surface layer by means of X-ray diffraction, and tribological tests. Obtained test results show that hybrid layers combining hardfacing and nitriding may be suitable for improving the lifetime of tools applied in hot forging processes.
Highlights
The lifetime of tools in forging process has been a subject of research by many scientific centers for a long time
The middle part shows a composite of the sample’s entire surface, from the surface layer down to the native material (NM)
Individual passes of the padding weld are well visible in the cellular–dendritic structure, and a rather wide HAZ can be seen in the native material
Summary
The lifetime of tools in forging process has been a subject of research by many scientific centers for a long time. This research concerns, among other things, wear mechanisms causing destruction of the surface and surface layer of tools as well as methods of increasing wear resistance. In recent years, growing interest in new methods of improving the durability of forging tools has been observed. Many new solutions have been developed in the field of methods improving the lifetime of forging tools. Among these solutions, hybrid layers are dominant, i.e., those combining various surface treatment methods for the purpose of obtaining new properties and higher wear resistance. Hybrid layers combining nitriding with PVD coatings [6], nitriding with CVD coatings [7], shot peening with nitriding [8], and various types
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