Abstract
The effect of copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) on the mechanical and thermal properties of ground waste concrete inorganic polymers (GWC IPs) has been investigated. NPs are added to GWC IPs at loadings of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2% w/w. The phase composition and microstructure of NPs GWC IPs have also been examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS) techniques. Results show that the mechanical properties of GWC IPs are improved (23 MPa) due to addition of NPs (1% ZnO). In particular, GWC IPs embedded with 0.5% CuO and 1% ZnO NPs exhibited relatively improved compressive strength. The addition of NPs decreases the macroporosity and increases the mesoporosity of IPs matrix and decreases relatively the ability of IPs matrix to water absorption. The antimicrobial activity of GWC IPs doped with 0.5 and 1% CuO NPs against E. coli was also determined.
Highlights
Due to rapid urbanization the increase in demand for engineering infrastructures, 20% of all greenhouse gas emissions is attributed to construction and to maintenance of the built environment
The elemental composition of ground waste concrete inorganic polymers (GWC Inorganic polymers (IPs)) embedded with 0.5% CuO and 2% ZnO NPs are shown (Figure 6(a3,b3,c3))
The addition of NPs into Ground waste concrete (GWC) IPs matrix resulted in the augmentation of the mesoporosity of matrix and an increase of compressive strength of the matrix was expected
Summary
Due to rapid urbanization the increase in demand for engineering infrastructures, 20% of all greenhouse gas emissions is attributed to construction and to maintenance of the built environment. The cement industry is responsible for c.a. 8% of global CO2 emissions [1]. It is of great environmental challenge in (partial) substituting cement as a raw material by using Portland cement clinker (PC) with supplementary cementitious materials or with non-clinker based cements such as recycled aggregates. Up to 20% substitution of virgin aggregates with concrete waste is not considered to lower the new concrete’s properties and can be used for structural applications [2]. Scrivener et al [4] stated that increasing the average level of PC substitution in cement to 40% could avoid up to 400 Mt CO2 emissions globally each year
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