Abstract
This work is devoted to physical vapor deposition synthesis, and characterisation of bismuth and lutetium-substituted ferrite-garnet thin-film materials for magneto-optic (MO) applications. The properties of garnet thin films sputtered using a target of nominal composition type Bi0.9Lu1.85Y0.25Fe4.0Ga1O12 are studied. By measuring the optical transmission spectra at room temperature, the optical constants and the accurate film thicknesses can be evaluated using Swanepoel’s envelope method. The refractive index data are found to be matching very closely to these derived from Cauchy’s dispersion formula for the entire spectral range between 300 and 2500 nm. The optical absorption coefficient and the extinction coefficient data are studied for both the as-deposited and annealed garnet thin-film samples. A new approach is applied to accurately derive the optical constants data simultaneously with the physical layer thickness, using a combination approach employing custom-built spectrum-fitting software in conjunction with Swanepoel’s envelope method. MO properties, such as specific Faraday rotation, MO figure of merit and MO swing factor are also investigated for several annealed garnet-phase films.
Highlights
Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) is one of the most common and well-known iron garnet materials possessing unique functional properties suitable for magneto-optic and microwave-range radio frequency (RF) applications. It is chemically formulated as Y3[Fe2](Fe3)O12 where Y3+ ions occupy the dodecahedral sublattice sites, two of the Fe3+ ions reside in the octahedral sites, and the remaining three Fe3+ ions are in tetrahedral sublattice sites
We report on the successful synthesis of bismuth and lutetium co-substituted ferrite garnet thin-film material using RF magnetron sputtering process followed by high-temperature annealing in air
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Summary
Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) is one of the most common and well-known iron garnet materials possessing unique functional properties suitable for magneto-optic and microwave-range radio frequency (RF) applications. It is chemically formulated as Y3[Fe2](Fe3)O12 where Y3+ ions occupy the dodecahedral sublattice sites, two of the Fe3+ ions reside in the octahedral sites, and the remaining three Fe3+ ions are in tetrahedral sublattice sites. It is always challenging to develop application-specific substituted ferrite garnet thin-film materials with high quality (in terms of their structural, optical and magneto-optical properties being optimized simultaneously) by using physical vapor deposition techniques. The other motivation was to explore a new type of garnet material stoichiometry, Bi0.9Lu1.85Y0.25Fe4.0Ga1O12, with a combined substitution of Bi and Lu ions at yttrium (Y) lattice sites, which has so far not been explored extensively using physical vapour deposition techniques
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