Properties of concrete manufactured with use of ceramic sanitary ware waste as aggregate

Diego Henrique De Almeida,Carolina Del Roveri,Sylma Carvalho Maestrelli,Rodolfo Henrique Freitas Grillo

doi:10.1590/s1517-707620190002.0665

Abstract

ABSTRACT In concrete manufacture, cement (Portland type is the most used), water and aggregates (classified into coarse and fine) are used. With the use of several raw materials the generation of waste is inevitable, both in construction and in other sectors, such as the industries producing ceramic materials. Among the types of waste from such industries, can be mentioned the ceramic scrap (from the sanitary ware industry). According to the above, the aim of this research was to study the addition of ceramic scrap as a coarse aggregate in different proportions in the concrete formulation. In order to do this, was select wastes from an industry in the south of Minas Gerais (Brazil), and prepare specimens to determine the fresh (slump test, adhesiveness and porosity) and hardened (compression strength) of concrete. Were fabricated five concrete formulations, one reference (RC) and four with ceramic scrap substituted for coarse aggregate in the proportions of 25% (CSC-I), 50% (CSC-II), 75% (CSC-III) and 100% (CSC -IV). Fresh concretes, two formulations did not show adhesiveness (CSC-III and CSC-IV) and two a small water runoff (CSC-I and CSC-II), however, without compromising the concrete’s workability. Regarding the compression strength, the average values presented were very good, including the formulation with 100% ceramic scrap (fc = 47.78 MPa). Another important aspect observed in the rupture modes was the small adhesion between the ceramic scrap and the mortar due to the glazing in the contour of the waste. As for the porosity of the concretes, those with 25%, 75% and 100% of ceramic scrap in their composition presented lower values than the reference concrete.

Highlights

The construction industry uses several types of materials to carry out the works, among them: wood, steel, cement, water, sand and gravel
Were fabricated five concrete formulations, one reference (RC) and four with ceramic scrap substituted for coarse aggregate in the proportions of 25% (CSCI), 50% (CSC-II), 75% (CSC-III) and 100% (CSC -IV)
The following conclusions may be draw from the present findings: 1. Concrete produced with ceramic scrap presented satisfactory results when compared to the reference concrete and results from another authors; 2

Summary

Introduction

The construction industry uses several types of materials to carry out the works, among them: wood, steel, cement, water, sand and gravel. In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Plan started in 2010, to establish principles, methods, goals and actions to be adopted in the country, aiming the integrated and environmentally correct management of solid waste [10-12]. In this sense, a possibility of solid waste recycling and its use as a constituent in the formulation of concrete used in the construction industry, in the full or partial replacement [13-21] Among the constituents of its formulation, Portland cement (which is divided into five classes: common, composite, blast furnace, pozzolanic and high initial strength); Water is used to develop the concrete properties; and aggregates, which can be divided into two categories: coarse and fine [5-9].

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Conclusion