Properties of Concrete Made with Low-Emission Cements CEM II/C-M and CEM VI.

Anna Król,Justyna Kuterasińska-Warwas,Zbigniew Giergiczny

doi:10.3390/ma13102257

Abstract

The paper presents the composition and properties of low-emission ternary cements: Portland multicomponent cement CEM II/C-M and multicomponent cement CEM VI. In the ternary cements, Portland clinker was replaced at the levels of 40% and 55% with a mixture of the main components such as limestone (LL), granulated blast furnace slag (S) and siliceous fly ash (V). Portland multicomponent cements CEM II/C-M and CEM VI are low-emission binders with CO2 emissions ranging from 340 (CEM VI) kg to 453 (CEM II/C-M) kg per Mg of cement. The results obtained indicate the possibility of a wider use of ground limestone (LL) in cement composition. This is important in the case of limited market availability of fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag. The tests conducted on concrete have shown that the necessary condition for obtaining a high strength class and durability of concrete from CEM II/C-M and CEM VI ternary cements is low water–cement ratio. Durability characteristics of concrete (carbonation susceptibility, chloride ion permeation, frost resistance) made of CEM II/C-M and CEM VI cements were determined after 90 days of hardening. This period of curing reflects the performance properties of the concrete in a more effective way.

Highlights

In 2017, the global production of cement, the base component of concrete, amounted to almost4.65 billion Mg [1]
This paper presents the results of research on Portland multicomponent cement CEM II/C-M
The density of the cements was lowest for those containing siliceous fly ash (Table 6)

Summary

Introduction

In 2017, the global production of cement, the base component of concrete, amounted to almost4.65 billion Mg [1]. In 2017, the global production of cement, the base component of concrete, amounted to almost. For the production of 1 Mg of Portland cement clinker, about 1.7 Mg of natural resources are used, mainly carbonate raw materials such as limestone and marl. As a result of the clinker firing process, huge amounts of CO2 are released into the atmosphere, the source of which is the thermal dissociation of carbonates in the raw material bulk (60%) and the emission of CO2 from the combustion of technological fuel (40%) [2,3]. It is considered that cement production is responsible for about 7.4% of the world carbon dioxide emission (2.9 Mg in 2016) [4]. The production of the basic component of cement, i.e., Portland clinker, is associated with the emission of CO2 , which is about

Methods

Results

Conclusion