Abstract
The use of sustainable technologies such as supplementary cementitious materials, and/or recycled post-consumer environmental wastes is widely used in concrete industry in the last decade. This paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of normal concrete containing sustainable technologies. Twenty one mixtures (21) were prepared with different combinations of silica fume, fly ash, olive’s seed ash, and corncob ash (CCA). Fresh and hardened concrete properties were measured, as expected the inclusion of the sustainable technologies affected both fresh and hardened concrete properties. Based on the results obtained in this study and the analyses conducted, the following observations were drawn: replacing the cement by olive’s seed ash or CCA has a significant effect on fresh concrete workability. Olive’s seed ash increased the slump by more than 200 % compared to the control mixtures. The compressive strength of mixtures containing olive’s seed ash showed by 45 and 75 % decrease compared to the control mixtures. The 28 days compressive strength of mixtures produced by CCA of 10 % replacement decreased by 41 % compared to the control mixture.
Highlights
Few and very limited papers found in the literature use the olive’s seed ash and corncob ash (CCA) in conventional concrete industry
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of sustainable technologies, silica fume, fly ash, olive’s seed ash, and CCA, on fresh and hardened properties of conventional concrete
The least slump value is found to be for mixture (M16), which has 30 % of cement, was replaced by CCA
Summary
Few and very limited papers found in the literature use the olive’s seed ash and corncob ash (CCA) in conventional concrete industry. The following section summarizes the upto-date literature focusing on the behavior of concrete incorporating such recycled post-consumer environmental wastes. The main goal and challenge for the coming century, is to design a smaller and shallower reinforced concrete sections and for taking into consideration the economic aspects. The material engineers are investigating new concrete mixtures with different admixtures to reach the outmost performance and durability for severe environmental conditions. The waste-by-products and recycled materials are under a big push to be added to the conventional concrete ingredients and to replace cement content, keeping the strength and durability close to the desired specifications. The workability is considered an important factor when concrete mixtures are designed; especially in some applications where members are heavily reinforced
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