Properties of a New Food Supplement Containing Actinia equina Extract.

Marika Lanza,Giovanni Bartolomeo,Alessio Ardizzone,Giovanna Casili,Daniele Giuffrida,Rossella Vadalà,Ambrogina Albergamo,Archimede Rotondo,Emanuela Esposito,Rossana Rando,Andrea Salvo,Giovanna Loredana La Torre

doi:10.3390/antiox9100945

Marika Lanza, Giovanni Bartolomeo + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100945

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Journal: Antioxidants	Publication Date: Oct 1, 2020
Citations: 10	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Messina, Sapienza University of Rome

Abstract

Marine species represent a great source of biologically active substances; Actinia equina (AE), an Anthozoa Cnidaria belonging to the Actinidiae family, have been proposed as original food and have already been included in several cooking recipes in local Mediterranean shores, and endowed with excellent nutraceutical potential. The aim of this study was to investigate some unexplored features of AE, through analytical screening and an in-vitro and in-vivo model. An in-vitro study, made on RAW 264.7 stimulated with H2O2, showed that the pre-treatment with AE exerted an antioxidant action, reducing lipid peroxidation and up-regulating antioxidant enzymes. On the other hand, the in-vivo study over murine model demonstrated that the administration of AE extracts is able to reduce the carrageenan (CAR)-induced paw edema. Furthermore, the histological damage due to the neutrophil infiltration is prevented, and this highlights precious anti-inflammatory features of the interesting food-stuff. Moreover, it was assessed that AE extract modulated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and The nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf-2) pathways. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that thanks to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, AE extract could be used as a new food supplement for inflammatory pathology prevention.

Highlights

The Actinidiae family comprises seven genera with ten species; these are solitary polyps, often devoid of skeletal structure and with the ability to attach themselves to the rocks of the seabed through their pedal disk
Sea anemones have long been studied for the composition of fatty acids and the investigations have covered several Actinaria species [25,26,27,28,29]
The fatty acid profile observed in the whole organism of Actinia equina (AE) indicates high percentage of total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) that accounted for 50.54%, while total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) total contents are almost comparable

Summary

Introduction

The Actinidiae family comprises seven genera with ten species; these are solitary polyps, often devoid of skeletal structure and with the ability to attach themselves to the rocks of the seabed through their pedal disk. Actinia equina (AE), among Actinidiae species, is an intertidal, versatile polyp, spotted as a dark cover of rocks in shallow waters. AE has a wide array of colour variation, from green to red. It is divided into three regions: the tentacles, the body cylinder (which houses the gastrovascular cavity, the pharynx, the gonads, and the retractor muscles), and the mentioned pedal disk. AE, and all anemones, show the beautiful light-coloured tentacles used to trap and ingest their prey.

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