Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of an experimental self-healing dental composite model (SHDC) composed of SiO2 nanoparticles with varying percentages of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) monomer and N,N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine (DHEPT) amine microcapsules. Materials and methods: Microcapsules were prepared by in-situ polymerisation of PUF shells, as explained in our previous work. The model SHDC included bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA:TEGDMA) (1:1), 1 wt% phenyl bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (BAPO), 0.5 wt% benzoyl peroxide (BPO) catalyst, 20 wt% silanised silica dioxide (SiO2) (15 nm) and (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 wt%) of microcapsules (120 ± 45 μm). Light transmission, hardness, degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength and elastic modulus of the SHDC model were measured. Results: The degree of conversion of the SHDC ranged from 73 to 76% 24 h after polymerisation. Hardness measurements ranged from 22 to 26 VHN (p > 0.05); however, the flexural strength was adversely affected from 80 to 55 MPa with increasing microcapsules of up to 10 wt% in the composites (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Only flexural strength decreased drastically ~30% with increasing microcapsules (>10 wt%) in the composites. All other measured properties were not significantly affected. Accordingly, we recommend a stronger composite material that could be created by increasing the filler content distribution in order to achieve a hybrid self-healing composite with enhanced mechanical properties.
Highlights
Dental composites are commonly used as the restorative material of choice in contemporary dentistry [1,2]
Poly(urea-formaldehyde) microcapsules were formulated from triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) monomer and N,N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine (DHEPT) amine (Esschem Europe Ltd., Seaham, UK)
The light transmittance through the 2 mm-thick specimens was light transmittance through the self-healing dental composite (SHDC) did not show any statistical differences between found in the control
Summary
Dental composites are commonly used as the restorative material of choice in contemporary dentistry [1,2]. The introduction of self-healing composites and polymers involving microcapsule systems has shown that providing long-life structural materials is possible [13]. The potential for crack repair and recovery of mechanical properties has been achieved in bulk thermosetting polymers [14,15,16,17,18], selfhealing fibre-reinforced composites [19,20,21,22,23], self-healing dental composites [24,25,26,27], selfhealing adhesives [28], self-healing bonding resins [29], elastomers [30,31] and coatings [32]
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