Properties of a Broadband Gaussian Pulse Propagating Through a Λ-type Atomic Medium at Room Temperature

Abstract

Abstract In our study, we conduct a comprehensive theoretical analysis on the propagation behavior of a Gaussian pulse through a four-level Λ-type Rubidium atomic medium under room temperature conditions. Our investigation uncovers the presence of two distinct wavepackets within the medium’s transmission signal. The primary wavepacket, linked to electromagnetically induced transparency transmission, serves as the central signal in the study. Characterized by its optical beat signal utilized for fast microwave strength detection, this wavepacket demonstrates notable features such as pronounced normal dispersion and decreased group velocity. Additionally, the emergence of the Sommerfeld-Brillouin precursor as the second wavepacket further enriches our understanding of pulse dynamics in the medium. Our simulation findings reveal the potential for the optical precursor to play a dominant role in the transmission signal with the adopted methodology. Furthermore, we identify that experimental parameters like atomic density, vapor cell length, and control field intensity play crucial roles in modulating the time delay of the primary signal and the amplitude of the optical precursor.