Abstract
Nitrile rubber vulcanizates containing medium nitrile proportions and a small amount of fillers, offer considerable resistance to degradation by radiations. Modification of plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and phenolic resins by nitrile-butadiene rubbers (NBR) results in highly improved performances of the end products. Polymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene in the presence of a suitable catalyst gives an alternating equimolar butadiene — acrylonitrile copolymer. The resultant hydroformylated nitrile rubber, containing an extremely reactive aldehyde group in the copolymer chain, can be converted to hydroxyl- or carboxyl-containing NBR having a saturated backbone. Nitrile rubber is blended with neoprene to improve ozone and fatigue resistance without much sacrifice of oil resistance properties. Nitrile rubber can be crosslinked with phenolic resins in the presence of activators such as organic acids or halogen-containing compounds. Nitrile rubbers are susceptible to thermo-oxidative degradation due to the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds in the diene unit.
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