Properties and Characteristics of Compressed Biofuel Production from Empty Palm Fruit Bunches

J.-H. Chang,Penja Jitjumroonchokchai,Tanuwat Larptansuphaphol,K.-C. Chang

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/201912002001

J.-H. Chang, Penja Jitjumroonchokchai + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912002001

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Abstract

Thailand sits in the third place of the global rankings for crude palm oil production with an annual output of approximately 2 million tons/p.a., or 1.2% of the global output. Empty palm fruit bunches is one of residual from palm oil extraction process of Palm Oil industry. The objective of this research was to study properties and characteristics of biofuel made from empty fruit bunches and mixed with black rice hush with various composition ratios of empty palm fruit bunches and black rice husk as 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Only the biofuels with a ratio of 100:0 and 90:10 could be formed to be compressed biofuels. The heating values of biofuels were analyzed by Gallenkamp Autobomb Calorimeter whereas other fuel properties and characteristics were tested and analyzed according to ASTM standards. The comparison results between biofuel from a mixture ratio 100:0 and 90:10 showed that the average of heating value, ash content, carbon content and combustion time (minute per one piece) were 4,672.46 and 4,199.33 cal/g, 21.73% and 29.30%, 12.07% and 16.28%, 92.33 and 63 minutes, respectively.

Highlights

The Oil Palm plant (Elais Guinensis) produces a fruit with a nut inside the fruit
3.1 Physical characteristics General physical characteristics of compressed fuel made from Palm empty fruit bunches that were taken from Thai Oil Industry Co., Ltd. at Samutsakorn province were tested at KMUTNB laboratory
Experimental data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s New Multiple Range (DMRT) at significant 5%

Summary

Introduction

The Oil Palm plant (Elais Guinensis) produces a fruit with a nut inside the fruit. The fruit is boiled in water to extract the palm oil. After the oil extraction from the fruit, the nuts are broken for the palm kernels. Palm kernel shells are used in their crude form for heating during cooking. It burns with a lot of smoke due to its organic content. The effect of such smoke to health cannot be over emphasized. Even in such cases most of the energy content is not used up as palm kernel shell charcoals which are common sight at ash dumps [1]

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