Propagation of pure fetal and maternal mesenchymal stromal cells from terminal chorionic villi of human term placenta.

Smitha Mathews,K Lakshmi Rao,M K Kanakavalli,Kumarasamy Thangaraj,K Suma Prasad,A Govardhana Reddy,Gopal Pande,T Avinash Raj

doi:10.1038/srep10054

Smitha Mathews, K Lakshmi Rao + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10054

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: May 15, 2015
Citations: 18	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Abstract

Long term propagation of human fetal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in vitro has proven elusive due to limited availability of fetal tissue sources and lack of appropriate methodologies. Here, we have demonstrated the presence of fetal and maternal cells within the tips of terminal chorionic villi (TCV) of normal human term placenta, and we have exploited inherent differences in the adhesive and migratory properties of maternal vs. fetal cells, to establish pure MSC cultures of both cell types. The origin and purity of each culture was confirmed by X-Y chromosome-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping. This is the first demonstration of fetal and maternal cells in the TCV of human term placenta and also of deriving pure fetal MSC cultures from them. The concomitant availability of pure cultures of adult and fetal MSC from one tissue provides a good system to compare genetic and epigenetic differences between adult and fetal MSCs; and also to generate new models of cell based therapies in regenerative medicine.

Highlights

Long term propagation of human fetal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in vitro has proven elusive due to limited availability of fetal tissue sources and lack of appropriate methodologies
High-resolution fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed the presence of maternal cells within the cytotrophoblast layer and near the fetal blood vessel of the terminal chorionic villi (TCV) (Fig. 1c)
We have shown for the first time that maternal and fetal cells are co-localized in the tips of TCV; this observation emphasizes the necessity to reanalyze the nature of the feto-maternal barrier in term placenta

Summary

Introduction

Long term propagation of human fetal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in vitro has proven elusive due to limited availability of fetal tissue sources and lack of appropriate methodologies. The origin and purity of each culture was confirmed by X-Y chromosome-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping This is the first demonstration of fetal and maternal cells in the TCV of human term placenta and of deriving pure fetal MSC cultures from them. Attempts to establish pure and stable fetal MSC cultures from placental tissues have not succeeded so far[9,10] derivation of fetal MSC cultures from non-placental birth associated tissues such as amniotic membranes, amniotic fluid and Wharton’s jelly have been successful[11].

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