Propagation of dispersive wave solutions for (3 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation in plasma physics

Abstract

In the current study, we instigate the four-dimensional nonlinear modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov (NLmZK) equation. The NLmZK equation guides the attitude of weakly nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in a plasma comprising cold ions and hot isothermal electrons in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Two different methods are used, namely the sine-Gordon expansion method (SGEM) and the [Formula: see text]-expansion method to the proposed model. We have successfully constructed some topological, non-topological, and wave solutions. In addition, the 2D, 3D, and contour graphs of the solutions are also plotted under the choice of appropriate values of the parameters.