Abstract
BackgroundsThe aim of this study was to confirm the propagation of various canine distemper viruses (CDV) in hamster cell lines of HmLu and BHK, since only a little is known about the possibility of propagation of CDV in rodent cells irrespective of their epidemiological importance.MethodsThe growth of CDV in hamster cell lines was monitored by titration using Vero.dogSLAMtag (Vero-DST) cells that had been proven to be susceptible to almost all field isolates of CDV, with the preparations of cell-free and cell-associated virus from the cultures infected with recent Asian isolates of CDV (13 strains) and by observing the development of cytopathic effect (CPE) in infected cultures of hamster cell lines.ResultsEleven of 13 strains grew in HmLu cells, and 12 of 13 strains grew in BHK cells with apparent CPE of cell fusion in the late stage of infection. Two strains and a strain of Asia 1 group could not grow in HmLu cells and BHK cells, respectively.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates at the first time that hamster cell lines can propagate the majority of Asian field isolates of CDV. The usage of two hamster cell lines suggested to be useful to characterize the field isolates biologically.
Highlights
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a negative-strand RNA virus that belongs to the genus Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae
Propagation of CDV strains in HmLu and BHK cells To find out whether the hamster cell lines can propagate CDV, a study was started with HmLu cells and CDV strains of Ond and 007Lm (Asia 2 group)
When the HmLu cells were infected with the Ond strain at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 1, the virus induced the cytopathic effect (CPE) of giant cell formation, almost throughout the entire culture within 3-days
Summary
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a negative-strand RNA virus that belongs to the genus Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. The CDV induce distemper in dogs, raccoons [1] and ferrets [2]. Outbreaks of distemper in seals on Lake Baikal [3], in leopards and other feline animals in zoos [4], and in lions in the Serengeti National Park [5], indicate additional animal hosts other than the generally accepted hosts. CDV has been isolated by a few cell lines other than the cells derived from dog as follows. Vero [6] and B95a B-cell line [7] were derived from monkey, and MV1Lu lung cells were derived from mink [8]. By Vero-DST cells, various field strains were isolated [10,11,12]. There are only a few cell lines derived from other than generally accepted hosts
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