Propagation of a Strong Circularly Polarized Electromagnetic Wave through Afterglow Plasmas near the Electron Cyclotron Frequency

Abstract

We seek to explain the experimental observation of enhanced transmission of a strong right-hand circular wave near cyclotron resonance in an afterglow helium slab plasma occurring at earlier times than for a corresponding weak electromagnetic field. A strong field heats the electrons and alters the collision frequency and the velocity distribution function. For our experimental conditions, electron–electron relaxation processes can influence the distribution function. Furthermore, because of the field dependent absorption coefficient, the temperature and field strength can vary within the plasma slab. Although the collision frequency increase with temperature predicts an earlier time for stronger-field transmission at cyclotron resonance, none of the above processes is sufficient to explain the experimentally observed large spread in times of transmission for various electric field strengths. The explanation is ascribed to the fact that the electron density decay constant due to diffusion also increases with temperature, so that the electron density decay rates vary with electric field resulting in a larger spread in times of transmission. Experimental results from double probes, although operating under low sensitivity, suggest a decrease in density near the front edge of the plasma subject to strong fields.