Propagation loss model for neighborhood area networks in smart grids

Abstract

Currently the power sector is striving for the efficient utilization of its generation capabilities in existing distributed energy networks. In future smart grids, applications like automated meter reading, direct load control with demand side management, and charging points for electric vehicles in multistory parking plazas will pose a strong communication challenge to the RF planners. One of the main objectives is to design a realistic link budget for outdoor-to-deep-indoor wireless communication scenarios while utilizing the existing grid infrastructure. This paper presents a realistic two-slope empirical path loss model to predict power requirements for the wireless link between smart meters in prosumer premises and remote utility/grid devices presumably available in near vicinity. The proposed model is based on measurements performed over three sub-gigahertz frequency bands (200 MHz, 434 MHz, and 868 MHz) and the 2.4 GHz band. It supports outside, inside and in-basement deployment of the smart meter communication unit.