Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the propagation characteristics of thermally diffused expandedcore (TEC) fibers with complex refractive index using the numerical Galerkin’s method.Complex modal profiles and propagation constants for TEC fibers of differentexpanded core radii are calculated. The imaginary part of the electric field resultsin wavefront distortion showing that the power flows out of or into the dopedregion according to the sign of the imaginary part of the refractive index. Thegain or loss as a function of both mode field radius and operating wavelength iscalculated numerically. Moreover, an approximate formula for the loss or gaincoefficient of these fibers is given and the obtained approximate results agree wellwith those from Galerkin’s method applied to the complex refractive index fiber.
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