Abstract
In the development of new dosage forms, drug delivery using nanotechnology is playing a vital role. Vesicular drug delivery systems have gained wide attention in the field of nanotechnology, such as niosomes, liposomes and proniosomes. Among the vesicular carriers, proniosomes are superior. Proniosomes are water-soluble carrier particles that are coated with surfactant so these are dry formulations. They are rehydrated to use on agitation in hot aqueous media within minutes to form niosomal dispersion immediately. Both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugscan be incorporated into these proteasomes. The physical stability problems of niosomes like aggregation, fusion and leaking are minimized in proniosomes, routes, such as oral, parenteral, dermal and transdermal, ocular, oral mucosal, vaginal, pulmonary, and intranasal. Proniosomes prolong the existence of the drug in the systemic circulation and finally reduces toxicity. This review focuses on different aspects of proniosomes such as preparation, characterization, in vitro drug release, entrapment efficiency, applications in the present scenario in the market and future trends.
Highlights
Novel drug delivery systems have made great progress in the field of nanotechnology
Proniosomes are osmotically active and stable because they improve the stability of the entrapped rug during the delivery
Proniosomes are more effective for delivery of drugs through transdermal route, as they have the advantages like nontoxicity, effective modification of drug release and penetration enhancing effect of surfactants
Summary
Novel drug delivery systems have made great progress in the field of nanotechnology. The main aim of novel drug delivery is to maintain a constant and effective drug level in the body and to minimize the side effects and to achieve drug targeting by using drug carriers [1]. G.: Liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes, and provesicles such as proniosomes and proliposomes [3] These lipid vesicles can carry both hydrophilic drugs (by encapsulation) and hydrophobic drugs (in lipid domain) [4]. As these systems have a potential to carry a variety of drugs and have been widely used for various purposes, such as drug targeting, controlled release, and permeation enhancement of the drugs [5]. These systems have the advantage of increased solubility, increased membrane permeability leading to increased bioavailability, constant plasma concentration, improved patient compliance and improved efficacy [6]. In storage of niosomes and proniosomes, they exhibit good chemical stability, but aqueous suspension of niosome may exhibit problems of physical stability, such as aggregation, fusion, leaking of entrapped drugs [7]
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