Abstract
Ni15Co5/ZrO2, Ni15Fe5/ZrO2, and Ni15/ZrO2 were applied for p-cresol deoxygenation. After p-cresol deoxygenation under 2 MPa of initial H2 pressure at 300 °C for 2 h, the yields of toluene and p-methylcyclohexane were up to 34.9 mol% over Ni15Co5/ZrO2 and 68.7 mol% over Ni15Fe5/ZrO2, respectively. The deoxygenation activity of these catalysts was controlled by their direct deoxygenation and hydrogenation factors according to the kinetic study. Introducing metallic Co or Fe changed the electronic structure of the catalyst surface, leading to different contents of MOx-OV-Zr3+ (oxygen vacancy) and Ni0. MOx-OV-Zr3+ could significantly promote the adsorption and activation of p-cresol, while Ni0 is active for hydrogenating p-cresol and its intermediates.
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