Abstract
The implementation of PAFW is an important way to reduce food waste. Discussing how to more successfully implement PAFW to reduce food waste is of great significance in achieving sustainable development. Different from the previous literature, this paper uses evolutionary game theory to establish a strategic interaction income matrix between local governments and large supermarkets and analyzes the strategic interaction between local governments and large supermarkets by copying dynamic equations, revealing the strategic choice between the two parties evolution process. A simulation-based approach is used to validate the theoretical results and analyze the influence of key parameters on the evolutionary trajectory. The study found the following: (1) to promote the system to an optimal evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), it is necessary to strengthen policy publicity, increase the willingness of large supermarkets to implement the PAFW, and increase the enthusiasm of the public or third-party organizations to monitor system; (2) stakeholders’ initial willingness will influence the evolutionary trajectory; and (3) it is important to strengthen the institutional development of local government regulators, improve the local government’s achievements, reduce the local government’s regulatory costs, improve policies to support large supermarkets’ implementation of the PAFW, and reduce the cost of implementing the PAFW for large supermarkets.
Highlights
One of the most challenging issues currently facing societies around the world is the issue of food waste [1, 2]
Item 12 of the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations in 2015, “Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns,” sets out to achieve a reduction in food waste [3]
When large supermarkets do not enforce the policy, a local government that chooses the “positive regulation” strategy will earn political success and a fine, while a local government that chooses “negative regulation” will be negatively affected and will not receive a fine, which will be enforced by a higher authority
Summary
One of the most challenging issues currently facing societies around the world is the issue of food waste [1, 2]. In August 2020, Chinese President Xi Jinping highlighted the problem: “ e phenomenon of food waste is shocking and heartbreaking, and despite our successive bumper harvests, we must always be aware of the crisis in food security, and the impact of this year’s global novel coronavirus pneumonia is a wake-up call [10].” In this political context, various departments of the Chinese government are formulating and planning policies. Under the current political system with strong enforcement, China will achieve good results if it adopts the French model of management and develops timely policies to address food waste. From the perspective of evolutionary game, there are relatively few studies on the PAFW, and the new research clearly reveals the complex dynamic evolution game model in the case of the limited rationality, and for the analysis of dynamic game between local government and large supermarket, the process provides a qualitative and quantitative simulation platform, which provides effective theoretical support for the decisionmakers.
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