Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphates [poly(P)] are biopolymers existing in almost all cells and tissues from bacteria to higher eukaryotes. The physiological functions of poly(P) are still unclear, but we have recently found that poly(P) enhances fibroblast proliferation and accelerates wound healing. Poly(P) stabilizes fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) and 2 (FGF-2) in solution and enhances the binding affinity between FGF-2 and its cell surface receptors. These results suggest that poly(P) may enhance the physiological functions of FGF in mammalian systems. Based on this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of poly(P) on FGF-mediated angiogenesis. Cell proliferation of umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was enhanced approximately 1.3-fold by culturing with medium containing 1 mM poly(P) for 42 hours. The cell motility was also evaluated by a migration assay using a boyden-chamber, and 0.1 mM of poly(P) promoted cell motility by 3.15 times compared to non-treated cells. Additionally, tube formation of HUVEC was accelerated by poly(P). In in vivo experiments, implanted Matrigel containing 10 mM poly(P) induced angiogenesis efficiently. Based on these results, we conclude that poly(P) is a possible medical material for not only wound healing but also efficient tissue regeneration for ischemic diseases or bedsores.
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