Promoting orphan crops research and development.

Abstract

Orphan crops are crops with little significance at the global scale but they play a vital role in the food and nutrition security as well as the livelihood of resource-poor farmers and consumers in the developing world. The term ‘orphan’ refers to the neglect of the crop by the international research community. Orphan crops are also known as indigenous-, lost-, minor-, promising-, and underutilized-crops, among other names (Tadele 2019). Although little scientific research has been done on most orphan crops, a limited number of them have enjoyed advanced studies. This has mainly been due to committed scientists and institutions in developing countries as well as financial and technical support from developed nations. Most orphan crops are resilient to extreme environmental conditions. Due to this adaptability to marginal and low input environments, orphan crops offer opportunities for low greenhouse gas emissions (Mabhaudhi et al. 2019). In addition, these indigenous crops provide nutrient-rich biodiversity and healthier diets to resource-poor consumers (Hunter et al. 2019). Due to multiple dietary benefits and their tolerance to extreme environmental conditions, some orphan crops are considered to be crops for the future.