Abstract
Bone defects arise from tumors, trauma and congenital disease cause permanent damage to patients. Electrospun technique has attracted great attentions since it can produce nano-/micro-fibers continuously, Furthermore, materials prepared by electrospun can mimic the structure of natural extracellular matrix which play a good biomimetic effect and affect cell behaviors. Our study aimed to fabricate bioactive calcium silicate nanowires reinforced poly (ε-caprolactone) (CS-PCL) composite electrospun fibrous membranes (EFMs) to promote bone regeneration. To prepare CS-PCL composite electrospun fibrous membranes, firstly, hydrothermal treatment was applied to prepare CS nanowires. Secondly, CS were added into PCL solution to fabricate CS-PCL EFMs. The results indicated that the addition of CS into PCL can improve the mechanical properties and hydrophilicity of EFMs. In addition, cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the expression of osteogenic genes were also improved via FAK/JNK/p38 signaling pathways. Lastly, according to the bone regeneration results in skull defect areas, the bone healing effect was significantly enhanced after the addition of CS nanowires. In conclusion, the fabricated CS-PCL EFMs can be a great candidate for bone regeneration.
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