Abstract
Cultivation of fiber flax and oil flax in Kurgan region is of current interest due to the presence of flax seed and straw processing enterprise – SUE Len Zauralya, Kurgan. To increase the production of highquality flaxseed oil and flax products, the level of flax production should be increased via theoretically substantiated cultivation technologies. Propagating a new variety, plant breeders consider the needs of two categories of consumers – flax producers and flax processors. Some of them need fiber flax varieties of high yield (seed and fiber) and high fiber quality resistant to diseases and lodging, adapted to conditions of Trans-Urals and Siberia. Other consumers need fiber flax varieties that meet numerous requirements of textile, construction, automotive, aviation, medical, and other sectors of the economy, and are suitable for processing by state-of-the-art flax processing equipment. The approach to develop a variety has currently become targeted and customized. Varieties grown in the study area and used as a standard showed high fiber yields: Tomsky 17 – 0.68 t/ha, Tomsky 18 – 0.69 t/ha. The results of the three-year study showed high yields of new varieties: Tost 3 – 0.98 t/ha, Tost 4 – 0.86 t/ha, Tost 5 – 0.82 t/ha. The fiber yield of these varieties was also high: Tost 3 – 0.71 t/ha, Tost 4 – 0.68 t/ha, Tost 5 – 0.66 t/ha.
Highlights
The main goal of fiber flax culture is to obtain fibers formed in its stems
Field experiments were performed in accordance with the Guidelines for conducting field experiments with fiber flax [1969; 1978]; Methods of state variety testing [1985]
4 Conclusion In Kurgan region, the area covered by flax plants increased from 2750 ha in 2012 to 65586 ha in 2019, oil flax occupies 95 % of the area
Summary
The main goal of fiber flax culture is to obtain fibers formed in its stems. Fibers contain 20–30 % of fibrous substances. The technical stem, the part from the hypocotyl to the point where inflorescence starts, which yields long fiber, is of production interest [1,2,3,4]. Severny hybrid variety and Itil, Lirin and VNIIMK 620 oil flax varieties are mainly sown to yield seeds for oil production in Kurgan region [5, 6]. The studies were conducted in 2017–2019 at the Department of Land Management, Agriculture, Agrochemistry and Soil Science and the experimental plot of Kurgan State Agricultural Academy. Field experiments were performed in accordance with the Guidelines for conducting field experiments with fiber flax [1969; 1978]; Methods of state variety testing [1985]. The variants in the experimental plot of Kurgan State Agricultural Academy are placed randomly with 6fold repetition. The experimental seed application rate was 18 mln of fiber flax germinating seeds/ha and 8 mln of oil flax germinating seeds/ha [4,5,6]
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