Abstract
BackgroundAdvances in regenerative medicine with stem cells have led to clinical trials. Dental/oral tissues are emerging as promising cellular sources of human mesenchymal stem cells. Recently, dental tissue-derived cells have been used clinically due to their great potential, easy accessibility, and ability to be obtained via methods with low invasiveness. The aim of this study is to systematically assess the clinical effectiveness of dental cell-mediated therapies compared to current evidence-based methods in human patients.MethodsThe electronic databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to December 2019 for clinical trials. Clinical trials with any intervention using stem cells/cells derived from dental tissue were included.ResultsA total of 815 studies were identified by the electronic search, and 38 articles qualified for full-text evaluation. Finally, 20 studies (10 clinical trials using dental pulp-derived cells, 3 clinical trials using periodontal ligament-derived cells, and 7 studies using gingiva-derived cells) were included in this review. No clinical trials using dental follicle- or apical papilla-derived cells were selected in this review. Dental pulp-derived cells were used in clinical trials for bone regeneration, periodontitis, and dental pulp regeneration. All clinical trials using periodontal ligament-derived cells and gingiva-derived cells were conducted for periodontal disease treatment and gingival augmentation, respectively. Among the 20 selected studies, 16 showed clinical benefits of cell transplantation therapies. In addition, no study reported adverse events that may have been associated with cell transplantation.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that dental tissue-derived cells would be useful for cell-based regenerative medicine for various diseases.
Highlights
Advances in regenerative medicine with stem cells have led to clinical trials
The medical subject heading (MeSH) terms and keywords used for the search were “dental pulp stem cells,” “periodontal ligament cells,” “gingival fibroblast,” “gingival cells,” “dental follicle,” “apical papilla,” “Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth,” “Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs),” “SHED,” “PDL,” and “clinical study.”
A total of 815 studies were identified by the electronic search
Summary
Dental/oral tissues are emerging as promising cellular sources of human mesenchymal stem cells. Dental tissue-derived cells have been used clinically due to their great potential, easy accessibility, and ability to be obtained via methods with low invasiveness. Yamada et al Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2020) 11:175 example, hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are multipotent, have the ability to self-renew, can be obtained from multiple sources, and are easy to access [3]. The latter cells have the greatest potential in tissue engineering for clinical application and were first identified in the bone marrow. The use of MSCs of dental origin has increased exponentially in the last decade
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