Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) emerge as a substitute for traditional fossil fuels and become a dominating power source in portable electronics and electric vehicle markets. Recent research on improving the performance of lithium-ion batteries involves better battery lifetime, power capacity, and specific energy by the innovation of new anodes, cathodes, and nonaqueous electrolytes. However, the cathode materials are the bottleneck in the research process due to their lower capacity, which becomes the focus of development. This review presents an outlook on lithium-ion technology by introducing its basic structure and mechanism, examining four structures of LIBs, namely lithium-rich layered oxides, lithium-manganese-rich layered oxides, lithium-ion-phosphate and spinel lithium-rich oxide, as well as comparing their performances and practical use.
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