Abstract
Prolonged exposure of marine algal phlorotannins with whitening effect did not cause inflammatory hyperpigmentation in zebrafish larva
Highlights
Melanin is the major pigment which is largely responsible for the color of human skin
To determine the melanin formation inhibitory ability of PG, EK, and DK in zebrafish embryos, 50 μM of arbutin as a control, which widely used for melanin formation inhibitor, PG, EK, and DK were used
When the zebrafish embryos were treated with PG, EK, and DK showed significant inhibition of melanin synthesis similar to arbutin (Figure 1B), suggesting that PG, EK, and DK are effective inhibitors to melanin synthesis in zebrafish
Summary
Melanin is the major pigment which is largely responsible for the color of human skin. It has been known to be overproduced in skin hyperpigmentation diseases including post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after acne [1], and chronic sun exposure. Several of the known natural melanin synthesis inhibitors, including kojic acid and arbutin, have already been the focus of studies, and are currently being utilized as cosmetic additives [2]. It is clearly necessary to find safer and more effective skin-whitening agents, due to the carcinogenic potential and weak whitening effects of kojic acid [3], and the cytotoxicity by UV-irradiation [4] and mutagenicity [5] potential of arbutin. Many melanin synthesis inhibitors are currently available, the demand for novel melanin formation inhibitors are increasing. Marine algae are known to be rich in vitamins, minerals, polysaccharides and polyphenols with valuable pharmaceutical and biomedical potential [6,7,8,9,10]
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