Abstract
IntroductionDespite newer treatment modalities, few patients with non-small cell lung cancer in stages IIIB and IV survive the median of one year. We present four patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with an adjuvant therapy with cascade primed immune cells. The in vitro stimulated expression of cancer information on the patients’ monocytes matures and activates T lymphocytes to destroy cancer cells. The cascade primed immune cell therapy significantly improved the quality of life and the lifespan of all four patients; thus far, three patients survived 40, 55 and 120 months, respectively; and one patient died 39 months after diagnosis.Case presentationPatient 1, stage IV (T4N2M1): The adenocarcinoma of the 67-year-old German Caucasian man infiltrated into the mediastinal lymph nodes and iliosacral bones. Chemotherapy modalities were started immediately after diagnosis of cancer, and cascade primed immune cell therapy one year later. The patient survived 39 months.Patient 2, stage IV (T3N3M1a): The 62-year-old German Caucasian woman presented with adenocarcinoma of the lower lobe with infiltrated lymph nodes of the mediastinum and malignant pleural effusion. Chemotherapy, radiation and the cascade primed immune cell therapy were administered together. The patient is still alive after 40 months.Patient 3, stage IIIB (T4N1-2M0): The 75-year-old German Caucasian woman presented with an undifferentiated tumor and a separate tumor nodule in the ipsilateral lobe. The patient received only cascade primed immune cell therapy after tumor resection and has survived for the last 55 months.Patient 4, pancoast tumor (IIIB, T3N3M0): The 77-year-old German Caucasian man presented with an undifferentiated tumor that infiltrated the lymph nodes, the clavicle, one rib and the plexus brachialis. In addition to chemotherapy and radiation, cascade primed immune cells were administered every weekday for one year. After four months, no living tumor cell was detected in the resected lung, the lymph nodes or the bone material. The patient is still alive after 120 months.ConclusionsThe novel adoptive cell therapy with cascade primed immune cells significantly increased the survival rate and maintained the quality of life for four patients with non-small cell lung cancer in stages IIIB and IV. Our findings indicate that tumor resection, chemotherapy and radiation appear to support the cascade primed immune cell therapy.
Highlights
Despite newer treatment modalities, few patients with non-small cell lung cancer in stages IIIB and IV survive the median of one year
Our findings indicate that tumor resection, chemotherapy and radiation appear to support the cascade primed immune cell therapy
We demonstrated that activated monocytes differentiated naïve/resting T lymphocytes to potent cancer-destructing effector T cells in vitro, which significantly prolonged the lifespan of patients with breast cancer [4]
Summary
Cancer cells of the NSCLC type appear to be excellent immunogenic targets for the CAPRI cells. The inflammation caused by chemotherapy and radiation may be an additional stimulus for cytotoxic attacks by the CAPRI cells. The reduction of the cancer mass by surgery or the arrest of tumor growth by chemotherapy and radiation seems to support the tumor downsizing by the CAPRI cells. For the achievement of a synergism between the CAPRI cells and other modalities, it is important to isolate the immune cells before chemotherapy, radiation or other treatment modalities, which might damage the bone marrow and the immune cells. Authors’ contributions BL, SG and RW were involved in acquiring data and writing the manuscript; RW designed the concept of the treatment. All authors read and approved the final manuscript
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