Abstract
Proline is one of amino acid that usually accumulates inside the plant cell when facing drought stress. The accumulation of proline can protect the plant cell from damage during drought. The aim of this research was to determine proline content and yield components of local corn cultivars from Kisar Island, Maluku, Indonesia. The field trial was organized using randomized block design with three replicates. Six local corn cultivars found in Kisar Island (Deep Yellow, Early Maturing Yellow, Red Blood, Rubby Brown Cob, Waxy, and White) were used as plant materials and a recommended tolerance variety (Srikandi) was taken as reference group. Proline content was determined using ninhydrin method. Yield components variables included cob weight (at harvest, after air dry, after oven dried, at 12% of water content), cob water content at harvest, cob length, cob diameter, number of seed row per cob, number of seed per cob, and cob yield at 12% of water content. Data collected was analysed with analysis of variance followed by Duncan multiple range test at the significant level 0.05 using Statistical Analysis System/SAS software version 9.0. The result shows that highest proline content and yield components (except for cob water content) was showed by the Deep Yellow cultivar. The lowest proline content was showed by Rubby Brown Cob cultivar. The lowest corn yield components was showed by Red Blood local cultivar. Deep Yellow cultivar can be proposed as superior drought tolerance variety, and can be recommended for further wide cultivation in Maluku province.
Highlights
About 41% of Earth’s land surface is covered by dryland.[1]
The highest value of proline content was showed by Deep Yellow local cultivar and the lowest proline content was showed by Rubby Brown Cob local cultivar (Table 1)
Accumulation of organic material associated with photosynthesis and distribution of photosynthate from the source to the plant organs wich serve as a place for the dumping of photosynthesis products, in this case is corn seed
Summary
About 41% of Earth’s land surface is covered by dryland.[1]. In Indonesia, as much as 40% of agricultural land is dryland.[2]. Information regarding the potential yield and adaptability of the plants through the synthesis and accumulation of osmolyte is the most important factors that should be understandable by researcher or a breeder in order to obtain the best and stable genotype which can be used in a wider cultivation. This is caused by the phenotypic expression of a genotype can be changed in accordance with the ability to adapt to environmental conditions. In Kisar Island Southwest Maluku district, there are six local corn cultivars that have been cultivated by local people for a long time since many years. The aim of this research was to determine the proline content and yield components, and wich one of these local corn cultivars that can be recommended for wider cultivation based on the proline content and yield components
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